At the vibrant intersection of art and technology, Re:Humanism stands as a pioneering project, exploring the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on contemporary art. Founded in 2018, this biennial award goes beyond celebrating the creative potential of new technologies, delving deeply into the ethical, social, and cultural questions they raise.

We had the privilege of interviewing Daniela Cotimbo, art historian and curator, who guided us through the genesis, evolution, and future of Re:Humanism. Below is the full interview, where Daniela shares her vision, highlights of past editions, and the challenges awaiting the next chapter of this unique initiative.

"Re:Humanism brings art and artificial intelligence into a unique dialogue. What was the initial idea behind the project, and how has it evolved over time?"

Re:Humanism was born in 2018 from a collaboration between me, an art historian and curator, and Alfredo Adamo, now CEO of Frontiere, with the aim of offering reflections on the advancements of techno-science, particularly AI. The first edition of the prize was a success, with significant participation from artists and audiences and thought-provoking discussions. This encouraged us to continue, establishing the prize as a biennial event and creating a cultural association.

Today, Re:Humanism seeks to maintain its focus even between prize editions, organizing activities such as exhibitions, performances, debates, workshops, and the production of publications.

"Looking back at past editions of the Re:Humanism Art Prize, which projects or works impressed you the most, and why? How did these pieces embody the spirit of the prize?”

It’s always difficult to single out specific projects from a collection where every piece was chosen to enhance the initiative’s goals. That said, I’ll highlight a few projects that have sparked new perspectives and collaborations.

In the first edition, Adversarial feelings by Lorem comes to mind—a project that, even in 2018-2019, experimented with generative neural networks to explore emotional states as audiovisual flows. This was Lorem’s first project using AI, and it led to further collaborations, including a publication with his Krisis Publishing house. 

The second edition, held in the immediate post-pandemic period, focused heavily on our relationship with nature and other living species. A standout project was Epitaphs for the Human Artist by Numero Cromatico, a multidisciplinary research center in neuroaesthetics. Their work included an installation and a publication of poems generated by a neural network trained to create epitaphs—poetic forms presented alongside a study on primary colors, highlighting the evocative power of "alien" poetry.

From the third edition, I’d mention Ai Love, Ghosts and Uncanny Valleys <3 . I Broke up with my Ai and will never download them again by Mara Oscar Cassiani. This project offered a poignant reflection on toxic relationships mediated by social platforms, affective chatbots, and customizable avatars. The participatory installation allowed visitors to interact with discarded, sexualized avatars through cushions on a fake grass setup, addressing digital exploitation while also offering resources to combat online abuse.

These are just a few of the many projects that have enriched our experience over the years. Some are even part of the collection hosted at Frontiere’s headquarters in Rome.

"The Re:Humanism Art Prize invites contemporary artists to engage with AI-related themes. What can we expect this year? What is the theme for the 2025 edition? What are the main selection criteria, and what kind of dialogue do you aim to foster with the public through these creations? When and where will the selected works be exhibited?"

Compared to previous years, this edition of Re:Humanism will take a more specific approach, delving into some of the issues surrounding new artificial intelligence models, commonly known as LLMs. Artists will be invited to reflect on their creative potential, explore how AI can be utilized from feminist and decolonial perspectives, and address the theme of sustainability.

It’s a significant challenge that, in our view, aligns with the growing accessibility of tools enabling everyone to test both the potential and risks of this technology.

The selection process will remain the same: a mixed jury composed of experts in contemporary art, media art, and advanced technologies will evaluate proposals based on the quality of the submission, the robustness of the project and the artist, originality, and thematic sensitivity.

There will also be some new developments regarding the awards, which we are not yet ready to announce. However, we can confirm that the exhibition will be hosted by Fondazione Pastificio Cerere and will take place in June 2025.

"How is AI redefining the role of artists and the creative process? What challenges and opportunities do you see for the future of art in relation to technology?"

I see challenges for everyone, but I see art as an opportunity to face them! I’m quite critical of the debate that fascinates many, namely the interference between human artists and AI as a creative entity.

AI is undoubtedly changing how we conceive and produce art—and, as always with new technologies, this is both good and bad. On the positive side, AI expands expressive possibilities, even for those who might not be entirely comfortable with visual or digital media.

On the other hand, it’s often forgotten that behind the magic of a prompt lies a learning and generative process that operates with autonomous, recursive dynamics, often marked by biases, errors, and other dysfunctions. Not settling for results and learning to observe them critically is essential for the proper use of AI in the artistic field, and this is the invitation we extend to all artists.

Another important point: reflecting on AI has taught me that the future that matters most to me isn’t the one I can predict, but the one I can build.

"Re:Humanism tackles ethical and social issues related to AI. What are the most pressing implications that art can help us better understand?"

We are living in a rather dark era, where disinformation and echo chambers are increasingly driving polarization and radicalization of opinions.

This phenomenon is rooted in a burdensome history of discrimination that has, for years, shaped technological advancements.  

Techno-scientific progress is not neutral; it is created by people who often design from asymmetric perspectives and objectives. While some issues related to AI are not new, it continues to present significant problems, including discrimination against women, non-conforming individuals, and people of diverse ethnic and social backgrounds. These challenges become even more dangerous when we lose the ability to trace their origins.  

Advanced interfaces of large language models (LLMs) allow us to generate increasingly sophisticated and realistic content using natural language. The problem will arise when these tools are fully integrated into search engines, potentially excluding non-repetitive but culturally diverse results.  

We also know that many big tech companies that pledged to meet sustainability goals —regarding energy consumption, resource use, and CO2 emissions—are failing to achieve these targets, largely due to the demands of artificial intelligence.  

This raises an urgent question: how can we design technologies that do not further endanger the planet's health and well-being but instead provide solutions to mitigate the damage already done?  

How can art help us? Artists have never stopped questioning these issues, although today they are asked to pay greater attention to the context surrounding them. Advanced technologies represent new forms of language that shape our experience, and major themes like time, space, intimacy, relationships, and memory have evolved in response to these discoveries.  

Artists can amplify this perspective because they have the unique ability to delve into the heart of these issues, overturn established viewpoints, and, more often than not, act as outstanding inventors.  

The importance of an ongoing dialogue

Re:Humanism is more than an award—it’s a platform for questioning the potential and limits of AI through the critical lens of contemporary art. The challenges faced by artists today are not just about creative experimentation but also about building a more inclusive, sustainable, and conscious technological future.

To learn more about Re:Humanism and the 2025 edition, follow our blog and official project channels. Stay connected to explore how art and technology can come together to redefine our perception of the world.

Digital Transformation is one of the most discussed topics of our time, a phenomenon that has evolved conceptually over decades. From the initial attempts at digitization in the 1960s to the Web 2.0 era and the current widespread adoption of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain, the pillars that drive this transformation have adapted and expanded to meet the changing needs of organizations.

This article explores, on one hand, the history of digital transformation pillars, analyzing their evolution and the theories shaping their development. On the other hand, it delves into the essential pillars driving today’s successful transformations.

A historical overview of Digital Transformation Pillars

1960s–70s: digitalizing basic operations

In the 1960s and 1970s, digital transformation was synonymous with automation and the computerization of core business processes. Companies replaced manual ledgers with computer systems, often relying on large mainframes.

A landmark example is the IBM System/360, launched in 1964, which allowed businesses to standardize digital processes at scale. The key pillars during this era were:

• Operational automation: Early technologies focused on reducing manual errors and boosting efficiency.
• Efficiency: Processing large amounts of data rapidly became a competitive edge.

Frederick P. Brooks Jr., in The Mythical Man-Month (1975), highlighted the complexities of managing large-scale technology projects, laying the groundwork for more deliberate approaches to digital transformations.

1990s: Internet and digital models

The advent of the internet in the 1990s sparked a new wave of innovation, extending digitization beyond internal processes to customer and partner interactions. The era’s key pillars included:

• Customer experience: Businesses began using the web to offer personalized services and enhance customer relationships. Amazon, founded in 1994, exemplified how digital tools could redefine shopping experiences.
• Technological integration: Systems like ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) unified data and processes across organizations.

Clayton Christensen’s concept of “disruption” in The Innovator’s Dilemma (1997) emphasized the necessity of embracing innovative technologies to stay competitive.

2000s: mobility and cloud computing

The rise of smartphones and cloud technologies enriched digital transformation pillars:

• Agility: Cloud technologies enabled businesses to scale operations quickly and adapt to market needs.
• Mobile-first approach: Providing mobile access to digital services became essential to remain competitive.

Nicholas Carr’s Does IT Matter? (2003) raised the issue of how IT could lose its strategic value if not implemented distinctively, underscoring the importance of tailored solutions.

2010 to present: data and Artificial Intelligence

In recent years, the focus has shifted to leveraging data strategically and adopting emerging technologies:

• Data-driven decision making: Successful companies use data to make informed decisions. For instance, Netflix employs algorithms to predict user preferences and develop targeted content.
• Emerging technologies: Blockchain, IoT, and AI have become integral to modern strategies.

McKinsey highlights that only 30% of digital transformations achieve tangible results, emphasizing the need for a clear vision and well-defined pillars.

Today’s Pillars of Digital Transformation

1. Leadership and strategy

Digital transformation demands strong leadership and a well-defined strategy. Leaders must identify digital opportunities and translate them into actionable business objectives.

An interesting example is Starbucks, which, under the leadership of Kevin Johnson, introduced a digitalization strategy integrating mobile apps, digital payments, and data-driven personalization, enhancing customer experience and increasing loyalty.

2. Talent and organizational culture

People are at the heart of digital transformation. A culture that fosters continuous learning, collaboration, and openness to change is crucial.

According to a Deloitte study, companies that invest in employee training are 37% more likely to successfully complete their digital transformation.
Take the case of Adobe, which shifted its business model from traditional software licenses to a cloud-based subscription system. This transition was accompanied by significant investment in employee training and the development of a customer-oriented culture.

3. Data and Artificial Intelligence

Data underpins modern strategic decisions. Companies leveraging advanced analytics and AI can anticipate market trends and respond to customer needs more effectively.

A significant example is Heineken, which leverages data analysis to optimize advertising campaigns and logistics, improving product distribution based on local demand.

4. Agility and innovation

The ability to adapt quickly is vital in today’s business environment. Agile methodologies and design thinking empower companies to experiment with new ideas and bring solutions to market rapidly.

For example, Tesla adopts an agile approach to introduce innovations in its vehicles at record speed, often outperforming traditional competitors.

5. Sustainability and social impact

Today, sustainability is an essential pillar of digital transformation. Companies cannot overlook the environmental and social impact of their operations.

Patagonia is a shining example: it uses digital technologies to optimize its supply chain and reduce waste, demonstrating how innovation and sustainability can go hand in hand. Another noteworthy example is IKEA, which has invested in technologies to optimize energy management in its stores and improve material traceability, ensuring a more sustainable lifecycle for its products.

Conclusion

Digital transformation is an ongoing journey, driven by pillars that have evolved to address the challenges of each era. From the operational automation of the 1960s to today’s data-driven ecosystems, the pillars reflect a shift toward holistic approaches that prioritize people, processes, and societal impact.

In the modern era, the pillars of digital transformation go beyond technology to encompass leadership, culture, innovation, and sustainability. Organizations mastering these elements will not only adapt to change but thrive in an ever-evolving world.

Introduction

In a world where the boundary between the work sphere and the private sphere seems increasingly blurred, the New Yorker's first cover of 2024 comes across as a powerful visual metaphor for this reality. The cover, which has kicked off an intense discussion on Social in recent days, is titled Deadline and is signed by an Italian artist, Bianca Bagnarelli. It portrays a woman working at night, while outside the window can be seen New Year's Eve fireworks. Important moments that pass inexorably while we are busy working and fulfilling our commitments.

The author's words perfectly sum up the profound meaning of this work, "I often work during the holidays. At first I think I'm taking advantage of scraps of time from moments when the rest of the world stops, but then I also realize I'm missing out on the fun and so it remains a bittersweet feeling."

The deadlines in which we are all immersed and which inevitably affect us are an invisible cage mediated by technology: by the smartphone that alerts us to the arrival of a Whatsapp voicemail that we will have to respond to or a new e-mail that does not bode well.

The protagonist's gaze, illuminated only by the light of the screen, is outwardly fixed and seems to prompt us to reflect on the complex relationship we all have with deadlines and the commitments we have to make. The young woman is evidently bright, utterly dignified, yet seems torn on the one hand by the lure of "real life" and the fear of missing out on something, and on the other by the need to meet deadlines.

Modern life often demands a constant and intensive commitment to work, at the expense of time devoted to ourselves, our hobbies and passions. The challenge lies in finding that balance that allows us to be productive and fulfilled at work, while still allowing ourselves breathing space and joy in our personal lives. We live in an age of constant connectedness and ever-higher work expectations. This can lead to a feeling of constantly falling behind on our commitments, both work-related and personal. However, it is crucial to remember the importance of balancing these two aspects of our lives for our overall well-being.

The need for work-life balance

The concept of Work-Life Balance refers to the search for a harmonious symbiosis between professional responsibilities and personal activities, a challenge that many people face on a daily basis. In an age of hectic pace and increasingly blending work-life boundaries, especially with the advent of remote working, this balancing becomes a crucial aspect of individual well-being.

Balancing life and work means allocating time, energy and resources equitably between different areas of life. It is not just a simple division of hours between office and home, but a more holistic approach that considers:

Quality time: devoting meaningful time to family, friends, and personally enriching activities;

Rest and recreation: ensure adequate periods of rest and detachment from work to recharge physical and mental energy;

Personal development: invest time in hobbies, learning and personal growth outside the work environment.

A failure to balance in this respect can have deleterious effects, from stress to a sense of perpetual dissatisfaction, from burnout to a decline in personal relationships, to other physical and psychological problems that are increasingly being reflected on in recent years.

The impact of digitization on work-life balance

In the digital age, advanced technologies and connectivity have revolutionized the way we work and live, offering new opportunities to achieve a better balance between professional responsibilities and personal life.

Communication and collaboration tools

Digitization has introduced a wide range of communication and collaboration tools that make remote work more efficient and viable. Platforms such as Zoom, Slack, and Microsoft Teams allow teams to stay connected and collaborate in real time, regardless of their physical location. This is especially important for workers who have families or personal commitments, as they can reduce or eliminate commuting time, gaining valuable hours to devote to other activities.

Flexibility and accessibility

Mobile technologies such as smartphones and tablets, along with the increasing availability of high-speed Internet connections, have made working from anywhere a practical reality. This flexibility means that employees can manage work to better fit their personal schedules, making it easier to balance work deadlines with personal commitments, such as child care or appointment management.

Automation

Digital tools also offer solutions for automating repetitive and administrative tasks, freeing up valuable time that can be spent on more rewarding activities both at work and in personal life. Project management software, automated planning tools and artificial intelligence systems help streamline work processes, reducing workload and stress.

Support for personal well-being

New technologies also offer tools dedicated to personal wellness. Apps for meditation, exercise, and sleep monitoring are easily accessible and can help employees maintain a healthy lifestyle and manage stress. These tools can help create a balanced daily routine by integrating moments of relaxation and physical activity into the workday.

The role of companies.

Businesses play a crucial role in facilitating this balancing act. They can take several initiatives, such as:

Flexible work schedules: Flexible work schedules are one of the most effective initiatives that companies can take to promote a work-life balance. This policy allows employees to adjust their work schedules according to personal needs, promoting a more humane work environment that respects different individual realities.
Remote work policies: Remote work is another crucial strategy to support work-life balance. Especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, many companies have discovered the benefits of telecommuting.
Wellness support programs: Well-being support programs focus on improving the mental and physical health of employees, a key aspect of maintaining work-life balance.

The benefits for companies

Of the effects on people we have already discussed, but what benefits do companies enjoy whose employees manage to have a proper work-life balance?

Increased productivity

The link between work-life balance and increased productivity has been the subject of numerous studies. Workers who can effectively balance professional and personal commitments tend to be more motivated and focused when they are at work. This is because a good balance allows them to get adequate rest, reducing the risk of exhaustion and enabling them to meet work challenges with greater energy. In addition, the feeling of being supported by the company in terms of flexibility and well-being contributes to an increased sense of loyalty and commitment to the organization. According to some reports, companies that promote work-life balance practices can experience an increase in productivity of up to 21 percent (Corporate Executive Board).

Reduced absenteeism

Absenteeism, often linked to physical and mental health problems due to stress and work overload, is a significant cost to companies. A good work-life balance can greatly reduce these problems. Workers who have sufficient time for recovery and stress management tend to be less prone to illness and burnout. This translates into a reduction in health-related absenteeism. According to some research, work-life balance policies can lead to a decrease in absenteeism of up to 27 percent (International Journal of Health & Productivity), representing a benefit not only for employees but also for the company's operational efficiency.

Improved business climate.

An often underestimated but critically important aspect is the impact of these policies on corporate climate. A work environment that respects and supports employees' work-life balance tends to be characterized by a greater sense of satisfaction and belonging. Employees feel valued and understood, which stimulates greater commitment and loyalty to the organization. This positive climate is reflected not only in the daily atmosphere but also in long-term results, such as reduced turnover and the attraction of top talent.

Conclusion

Work-life balance is more than just an aspiration: it is a necessity for a healthy and satisfying life that can bring beneficial effects to individuals and companies. Inspired by the cover of the New Yorker from which we started, we can conclude that a better balance today is possible, thanks to new technologies and a renewed awareness of this issue on the part of both companies and workers, who are increasingly aware of the value of their time.

Climate change and infrastructure deficiencies in water networks are causing a growing and alarming water scarcity worldwide. In Italy alone, water losses due to infrastructure issues reach significant levels, estimated at 156 liters per day per inhabitant: an amount sufficient to cover the water needs of about 44 million people annually. This means that actual water consumption is double what is truly necessary, precisely due to such leaks.

Currently, over two billion people live in water-stressed areas, and 45% of the world's population, around 3.4 billion people, lacks access to safe sanitation facilities. Independent estimates indicate that by 2030, the world will face a global water shortage of 40%, further complicated by challenges such as COVID-19 and climate change.

Water is vital for life and the prosperity of communities, but water infrastructure often faces challenges and problems that compromise its supply, both in terms of quantity and quality and hygiene. In this scenario, the Internet of Things (IoT) is emerging as a transformative force, presenting innovative solutions for the monitoring, management, and optimization of water resources.

Detection and Prevention of Infrastructure Issues

Water networks often span vast geographic areas, making it challenging to promptly identify any infrastructure problems. IoT enables the implementation of smart sensors along water pipelines capable of detecting anomalies such as leaks, corrosion, or structural failures. Real-time data allows operators to intervene promptly, minimizing downtime and ensuring continuity in water supply. Traditional network surveillance meter by meter is costly, and traditional forecasting is no longer sufficient.

New technologies allow for real-time analysis of data from sensors and vibraphones installed along water networks, capable of capturing any variations in predominant frequencies and indicating the presence of breaks.

Water Quality Monitoring

The qualitative aspect of water is also a crucial concern. IoT offers advanced tools for constant monitoring of key parameters, such as the presence of contaminants or water temperature. In case of deviations from acceptable levels, IoT systems can send immediate alerts, allowing operators to take timely corrective measures. This level of monitoring ensures that the water reaching homes is always safe and compliant with quality standards.

Waste Reduction and Resource Optimization

Efficient water resource management is essential to address challenges related to growing demand and climate variations. Thanks to IoT, it is possible to implement intelligent management systems that optimize water use. Flow sensors and remote control devices allow for identifying and resolving waste, adjusting distribution based on actual demand, and predicting consumption peaks.

New technologies represent a significant breakthrough in the water sector, enabling a more intelligent, efficient, and sustainable global water management: an indispensable ally to collectively overcome one of the most critical challenges of our time.

The theme of mobility plays a crucial role in the sustainable development of future cities and, more broadly, in the more efficient use of resources. Day by day, millions of citizens move for work, recreation, travel, or simple daily activities. Therefore, the future of mobility is not only about moving from point A to point B but directly impacts the daily lives of those who inhabit and animate these cities.

Recently, phenomena such as car sharing, carpooling, and peer-to-peer transport services are gaining ground, especially among younger generations. In the age group between 18 and 40, there is a decrease in the use of owned vehicles in favor of mobility-sharing systems, leveraging apps and new technologies.

In this period of rapid change, Smart Mobility is emerging as an increasingly relevant and necessary social and technological revolution. It goes beyond simplifying the movement of people and goods, positioning itself as a catalyst for the transformation of urban spaces into sustainable environments. This article will explore how the intersection of technology and mobility can contribute to reducing environmental impact and improving the quality of life for all of us.

Internet of Things: Data Collection and Analysis for Smart Mobility

In the digital era we are living in, the Internet of Things (IoT) emerges as a condition for many innovations that are revolutionizing various fields, including Mobility. The connectivity of IoT devices enables an unprecedented synergy between vehicles, infrastructure, and users: intelligent sensors integrated into roads can monitor real-time traffic, sending valuable data to optimize management. Connected cars can communicate with each other, avoiding collisions and optimizing routes to reduce travel times. This synergy also extends to services related to Shared Transportation: IoT devices, for example, allow effortless booking and location of shared vehicles. The combination of IoT & Smart Mobility, in addition to making transportation more efficient, sets the groundwork for new services that aim for a personalized mobility experience.

The Revolution of Electric Vehicles

Another pillar of the sustainable mobility of the future is the transition to electric vehicles. Battery technology has taken giant strides, making electric vehicles increasingly accessible and practical. With zero local emissions, these vehicles not only reduce environmental impact but are also at the forefront in terms of performance. The widespread adoption of fast and accessible charging infrastructure is crucial to ensuring the success of this revolution. There is still much to be done in this area, especially regarding the production and disposal of batteries, but it is undeniable that a path has been taken from which it will be difficult to turn back.

The New Era of Car Sharing and Bike Sharing

The sharing of transportation is another sector that has greatly benefited from new technologies. Car sharing and bike sharing platforms allow for a more efficient use of vehicles, reducing the overall number of cars in circulation and decreasing pressure on available resources. User-friendly applications make booking and using these services a breeze, promoting a more sustainable and healthy lifestyle.

Autonomous Driving: Safety and Efficiency for Sustainable Mobility

The advent of autonomous driving is also revolutionizing mobility. Vehicles capable of moving autonomously, perhaps "communicating with each other in real-time," promise to reduce road accidents and optimize traffic flows. With greater fuel efficiency and more predictable travel times, autonomous driving emerges as a valuable ally in the fight for more sustainable mobility.

Smart Mobility: What does it serve for in concrete terms?

The technology of Smart Mobility platforms has evolved significantly in recent years: from car-sharing platforms to ride-sharing platforms, from bike-sharing platforms to those for managing corporate fleets. But what can they practically serve for?

1. To manage the transportation of people or goods, for example, to plan the optimal route and obtain information on the location of vehicles.

2. To monitor vehicles, collect data on their location, as well as speed or fuel consumption.

3. To manage the fleet, for example, to assign vehicles to employees and track their performance.

4. To provide travelers with information on transportation schedules or seat availability.

Smart Mobility and Smart Cities

As crucial as the technological aspect is, it is not the only factor influencing the future of mobility: our cities must also be able to accommodate and facilitate change.

A Smart City is not only digital and interconnected but must also offer personalized mobility solutions based on the needs of citizens. This also impacts infrastructure for micromobility, such as bike lanes and pedestrian sidewalks, which must be increasingly integrated.

The cities of the future are called to be sustainable: the integration of smart infrastructures, such as synchronized traffic lights, traffic sensors, and vehicular communication networks, will enable more efficient management of vehicle and pedestrian flows. This will reduce travel times and dangerous situations, but will also contribute to an overall reduction in emissions. New technologies are shaping a future where urban mobility is not only efficient but also environmentally friendly. From roads to infrastructure, from vehicles to transportation sharing, technological innovation offers key solutions to address environmental challenges and build greener and more livable cities.

Introduction

In the ever-changing landscape of healthcare, one of the most revolutionary innovations in recent years is the Internet of Things (IoT). This technology has opened new vistas for the diagnosis, management, and treatment of diseases, offering a significant impact on people's health. In this article, we will explore in detail how IoT is transforming medicine in Italy, examining the practical applications, benefits and future of this revolution in healthcare, with a specific focus on the uses of pharmaceutical companies in the Italian context.

The Foundations of the Internet of Things (IoT)

To fully understand how IoT is changing the healthcare sector in Italy, it is important to have a solid foundation on the concept of IoT itself. The IoT is a network of physical devices, vehicles, buildings and other objects embedded with sensors, software and network connectivity. These devices can collect and exchange data, enabling real-time remote monitoring and control.

Applications of IoT in Medicine

Monitoring of Patients

One of the most promising fields of IoT in medicine in Italy is patient monitoring. IoT devices allow physicians to collect patients' vital data in real time, including heart rate, blood pressure, blood sugar and more. This data can be transmitted to healthcare providers for constant monitoring and rapid response in case of abnormalities.

Telemedicine

IoT has made telemedicine an accessible reality in Italy. Patients can now make virtual visits with doctors using IoT devices, enabling remote diagnosis and treatment. This is especially beneficial for people who live in remote areas or have difficulty reaching medical centers.

Preventive Medicine

Prevention is key to optimal health. IoT wearables, such as fitness trackers and smartwatches, can help people in Italy monitor their activity level, sleep, and other health indicators. This data can be used to identify potential health problems early and take preventive measures.

Smart Drugs

IoT is also revolutionizing the pharmaceutical industry in Italy. Smart drugs are equipped with sensors that track patients' correct medication intake. This data can be shared with physicians to ensure proper treatment.

Benefits of Using IoT in Medicine in Italy

The integration of IoT in the healthcare sector has a number of significant benefits in Italy:

Early Diagnosis

With continuous monitoring of patient data, early signs of disease can be identified in Italy.

Personalization of Treatment

The data collected by the IoT allows Italian physicians to tailor treatment plans to the specific needs of each patient, improving the effectiveness of treatments.

Reducing Hospital Visits

Telemedicine and remote monitoring can reduce the need for hospital visits in Italy, improving accessibility to care and reducing healthcare costs.

Greater Patient Involvement

IoT devices actively involve Italian patients in managing their own health, increasing awareness and responsibility.

Challenges and Concerns

While IoT offers tremendous opportunities, some challenges and concerns also arise in Italy:

Data Security

The transfer and storage of sensitive health data require strict security to protect the privacy of Italian patients.

Interoperability

Interoperability among IoT devices and systems is essential in Italy to ensure that data can be shared and used effectively among different healthcare providers.

The Future of IoT in Medicine in Italy

IoT will continue to evolve in the healthcare sector in Italy. In the next decade, we may see:

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

AI will be integrated with IoT to analyze huge amounts of healthcare data in Italy and provide more accurate diagnoses and personalized treatments.

Medical Robotics

IoT robots will be used in Italy to perform complex medical procedures with precision.

Use of IoT by Pharmaceutical Companies in Italy

Pharmaceutical companies are innovatively adopting IoT to improve drug research, production and distribution in the UK. Here are some examples:

Novartis Italy

Novartis Italy uses IoT devices to collect detailed data on patients' response to medications. This data enables even greater personalization of treatments.

Roche Italy

Roche Italy has implemented an IoT system for remote monitoring of medical devices used by patients. This system provides real-time data to physicians for more effective management of chronic diseases.

Chiesi Pharmaceuticals

Chiesi Pharmaceuticals has developed IoT devices to monitor the storage of drugs during transport. This ensures that drugs maintain their efficacy until they reach patients.

Report on the Use of IoT in Medicine in Italy

To better understand the spread of IoT in medicine in Italy, we present a brief report based on updated data:

Growth of IoT in Medicine in Italy

Over the past five years, IoT adoption in the Italian medical sector has grown steadily. The number of IoT devices used in healthcare has increased by 30 percent annually, indicating a growing interest on the part of companies and healthcare professionals.

Benefits for the Italian Health System

The use of IoT has helped reduce the burden on hospitals and improve the management of healthcare resources in Italy in an advanced sustainability perspective. Virtual visits and remote monitoring have enabled better resource allocation and faster response to patient needs.

Data Security

Health data security has been a priority in Italy. Local regulations have required strict adherence to security measures to protect patient privacy.

Conclusions

The Internet of Things is revolutionizing medicine in Italy, improving the diagnosis, treatment and management of diseases. Italian pharmaceutical companies are leveraging this technology to improve research and ensure drug quality. Despite the challenges, IoT promises a more accessible and personalized future for health care, with pharmaceutical companies making a vital contribution in fostering innovation. The rapid increase in IoT adoption in the medical field in Italy indicates that this revolution is set to grow and further improve the health of the Italian population.

Introduction

Cities around the world are facing increasingly complex challenges related to population growth, urbanization and the environment. In response to these challenges, the concept of "Smart City" is gaining increasing relevance, using technology and innovation to improve citizens' quality of life, optimize resources, and promote environmental sustainability. In this article, we will explore in detail how Smart Cities are transforming Europe, analyzing the most innovative applications and focusing on the development of Smart Cities in Italy.

Smart City: Concept and Foundations

A Smart City is a city that integrates advanced technologies, data and connectivity to improve efficiency, safety, sustainability and quality of life for citizens. The foundations of a Smart City include:

Advanced Technological Infrastructure

Smart cities are equipped with a network of sensors, cameras, wireless networks, and high-speed connectivity to collect real-time data. This data fuels decision-making and automation of public services.

Data and Analysis

Data processing is crucial. Smart cities use data analytics to make informed decisions and optimize resources. Data from sensors, cameras, and IoT devices enable more efficient management.

Citizen Participation

Actively involving citizens in decision-making and information sharing is essential to the success of Smart Cities. Citizen participation promotes the sharing of data and feedback to improve public services.

Smart City Applications in Europe

Smart cities in Europe are implementing a wide range of innovative solutions to address urban challenges. Here are some examples of use cases:

Sustainable Mobility

European cities are promoting green public transport, electric vehicles and shared mobility systems to reduce air pollution and improve air quality. Creating efficient transportation networks is a key objective.

Smart Waste Management

IoT sensors in waste collections monitor bin fill levels, optimizing collection routes and reducing costs. This smart waste management improves efficiency and reduces environmental impact.

Smart Public Lighting

Smart street lights adapt to environmental and traffic conditions, saving energy and improving safety. Real-time control of public lights is a key feature.

Smart Buildings

Smart buildings in Europe use automation to optimize energy use, reducing consumption and improving occupant comfort. Building management systems are central to this goal.

Digital Public Services

Smart cities offer online public services, simplifying interactions with municipal government, from booking parking spaces to requesting documents. Digital platforms increase accessibility to services.

Smart Cities in Italy: Innovation at the Service of Cities

Italy is taking significant steps toward the development of Smart Cities. Here are some notable initiatives:

Milan: Shared Mobility

Milan is investing in shared mobility systems, including electric bikes and car sharing, to reduce traffic and improve air quality. The city is aiming for sustainable mobility.

Turin: Intelligent Lighting

Turin has implemented a smart lighting system that adjusts the intensity of lights based on weather and traffic conditions. The city aims to reduce energy consumption.

Florence: Environmental Monitoring

Florence uses IoT sensors to monitor air quality and noise pollution, providing real-time data to citizens. The city promotes environmental awareness.

Bologna: Intelligent Buildings

Bologna is promoting the energy upgrading of public buildings, reducing consumption and CO2 emissions. The city is committed to sustainability.

Rome: Digital Services

Rome offers digital public services, enabling citizens to make online payments, book services and access useful information. Digitization simplifies procedures.

Outlook for the Next Two Decades

Smart cities in Europe have a promising future for the next 20 years. Some of the prospects include:

• Renewable Energy: Smart cities will continue to invest in renewable energy, reducing environmental impact and aiming for energy independence.
• Artificial Intelligence: AI will drive automation and optimization of services, improving the quality of life for citizens.
• Autonomous Mobility: Cities will develop autonomous transportation networks to reduce traffic congestion and improve road safety.
• 5G Connectivity: The deployment of 5G will make Smart Cities even more interconnected, enabling the use of advanced IoT devices.
• Health Revolution: Smart Cities will focus on public health, using technology to monitor and improve the health of citizens.

Conclusions

Smart cities are changing the face of European cities, improving the lives of citizens, promoting sustainability and optimizing efficiency. Italy is following this trend with innovative initiatives in many of its cities. The goal is to create urban environments that are smarter, sustainable and geared toward people's well-being. The evolution of Smart Cities is a growing process, and Europe is playing a key role in this urban transformation. Global urban challenges can be addressed with creativity and technology, improving the quality of life and the environment in which we live. Looking ahead, Smart Cities will continue to thrive and bring positive change to European communities.

Ongoing socio-economic changes impose innovative and bold mobility choices in daily routines from which significant improvements can result from an environmental perspective as well as in terms of safety and traffic reduction.

The transport sector is responsible for 25 percent of greenhouse gas emissions in Europe, the European Environment Agency's "Transport and Environment Report" found. In first place, as can be easily guessed, is road traffic, followed by maritime traffic and then air traffic. In contrast, rail transport is the most sustainable by far, producing only 0.4 percent of emissions.

The Sustainability of Rail Transport and the Modal Shift.

The FS Group's Sustainability Report states that "overall, the benefit of sustainable mobility through the use of the FS Group's collective means of transport has been estimated for both rail and road passenger transport and rail freight transport at about 4.8 million tons of CO2e saved." Suffice it to say that a traveler to go from Rome and Milan produces 25Kg of CO2 by traveling by train, 67.5Kg of CO2 by car, and 117.3Kg of CO2 by taking the airplane."All in all, the benefit of sustainable mobility through the use of the FS Group's collective means of transportation has been estimated for both rail and road passenger transport and rail freight transport at about 4.8 million tons of CO2e saved."

This is why the issue of sustainability is at the heart of the FS Group's latest 2022-31 Business Plan, which on the one hand encourages the so-called modal shift, i.e., a change in the travel habits of people and goods, and on the other aims to achieve carbon neutrality by 2040, 10 years ahead of the target set by the EU.

Rail transportation also has to deal with the open issue of emissions from generating the electricity needed to move trains and operate stations and the rail network, which is why the State Railways has launched a more than 1.6 billion euro self-generation plan.

The goal is to produce about 2.6 TWh of energy, which would guarantee to reduce CO2 emissions by about 800,000 tons. A decisive move for the decarbonization of transport: renewable and clean energy will come from real photovoltaic fields placed on the roofs of stations and other buildings of the FS Group, and for this, a widespread monitoring of the entire real estate will be initiated to identify areas and buildings to be used for this purpose.

An ambitious project with enormous potential, but it is not the only one.

Circular Economy and Corporate Sustainability

We also recall Sustainable Construction Sites, which involves the high-speed line to be built between Naples and Bari. This Infrastructure is the first work certified with the Envision Protocol in Europe and has achieved the Platinum level, the highest level achievable. Special attention has been paid to the management of excavated materials, which provides for a reuse of more than 96 percent of the excavated land, in full circular economy view. At the Florence Passante construction sites, these excavated materials are transported precisely by train, with significant savings in terms of pollution and road traffic congestion.

The challenge of digitalization: predictive maintenance

Modern mobility is not just mobility. It also requires very advanced integration with the issues of connectivity and digitization, issues on which the FS Group is far ahead.

It is precisely digitization that plays a crucial role in making effective predictive maintenance, which in the transportation sector is undermining "reactive" maintenance that creates huge costs in terms of time and inconvenience. Following reactive maintenance, a certain component is changed when it breaks down, resulting in failure, delay and inconvenience to passengers, expenses that cannot be budgeted for and are often incurred by having to take emergency action. Not to mention the danger and possible consequences to people.

What is predictive maintenance based on instead? On the collection, analysis, and processing of data-everything is monitored, from the network to the support facilities to the rolling stock, which thus becomes much safer. The FS group has deployed its two main entities: Trenitalia, which is responsible for fleet management and efficiency, and RFI which is responsible for managing the rail network. With this paradigm shift comes a new methodology that aims to prevent breakdowns and improve the efficiency of maintenance activities, precisely through data collection and analysis.

Wear, temperatures and vibrations are among the most important aspects to monitor, since if these parameters are out of control the life cycle of the components involved is greatly shortened. Of course, the fundamental acquisition of data with thousands of sensors on the vehicles and structures is then accompanied by their analysis and processing, activities on which personnel must also be constantly updated.

An example of this approach is Trenitalia's DMMS (Dynamic Maintenance Management System) that has been in operation for a few years and allows real-time monitoring of the entire fleet of regional, Intercity and Frecce trains: each train sends 5,000 pieces of information per minute.

A very detailed level of continuous analysis that no human being could carry out as effectively.

Climate change is undoubtedly one of the most debated and relevant issues of our time, and over the years, our precious planet has undergone profound and significant transformations in its weather patterns, with consequences of global significance. However, it is regrettable to note that this topic is often the subject of misinformation and debate. In this article, we will dive into the details of climate change, highlighting the distinctions between scientifically accepted facts and widespread myths, and discuss the crucial importance of responsibly addressing this challenge of global significance.

Climate Change in Brief

The Definition of Climate Change

Climate change is to be understood as a profound and persistent transformation in the Earth's weather patterns, including changes in mean temperature, fluctuations in sea levels, changes in precipitation patterns, and a wide range of other aspects of climate. Such change can result from a plurality of factors, including human activity and natural processes.

The Crucial Role of the Greenhouse Effect.

One of the main drivers of this climate transformation is undoubtedly the greenhouse effect. Our atmosphere plays the role of guardian of solar heat, preventing it from escaping into space. However, mankind's actions, including the widespread use of fossil fuels, have contributed to raising the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, thereby strengthening the greenhouse effect and giving rise to a significant increase in global average temperature, commonly known as global warming.

Global Impacts of Climate Change

The implications of climate change span the globe and encompass several aspects, including:

1. Increased Temperatures Global warming results in higher average temperatures, with direct consequences for weather, ecosystems and human health.

2. Melting Glaciers: Global warming is triggering the melting of glaciers and, as an inevitable consequence, a rise in sea level.

3. Extreme Weather Events: Extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, floods and droughts, occur more frequently.

4. Loss of Biodiversity: Climate change threatens the survival of many animal and plant species.

5. Health Impacts: Global warming can affect the spread of infectious diseases and has direct effects on human health.

Scientifically Accepted Facts

The Scientific Consensus

Crucially, the overwhelming majority of climate scientists agree that climate change is an undeniable reality, caused primarily by human activity and poses a serious threat to our planet.

The Rise in Global Temperatures.

Historical evidence and current observations indisputably confirm an increase in global average temperature. Since 1880, the average surface temperature of the planet has increased by about 1 degree Celsius.

Sea Level Rise

Sea levels are rising steadily, due to melting glaciers and thermal expansion of water. Projections indicate that by 2100, sea levels could rise 26-77 centimeters.

Human Activity as the Main Engine

Greenhouse gas emissions from human activity are the main factor behind climate change. Widespread use of fossil fuels, deforestation and intensive agriculture are some of the main sources of these emissions.

The Implications on Emissions.

Climate change can have serious consequences in terms of greenhouse gas emissions. For example, global warming can cause the release of large amounts of methane from permafrost deposits, triggering a feedback loop that further intensifies warming.

Myths to Dispel

"Climate Change is a Fraud."

One of the most widespread and damaging myths is the claim that climate change is a hoax. In reality, climate change is amply supported by a large body of scientific evidence and is internationally recognized by governments and organizations around the world.

"The Climate Has Always Changed."

While it is true that the Earth's climate has varied over millennia, it is important to note that the rapidity of the current change is unprecedented in recent history.

"Global Warming is Caused by the Sun."

While the sun is a source of heat for our planet, it is important to emphasize that solar activity cannot account for the current increase in global temperature. Scientific evidence clearly points to a correlation between greenhouse gas emissions and global warming.

"We Can't Do Anything to Stop It."

A pessimistic and misleading view is the belief that nothing can be done to stop climate change. In reality, actions to mitigate climate change, such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions, adopting renewable energy sources, and energy efficiency, are critically important and can help slow climate change.

Strategies for Coping with Climate Change.

Reducing Emissions

One of the most relevant strategies is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This can be achieved by transitioning to renewable energy sources, improving energy efficiency and adopting sustainable agricultural practices.

Forest Protection

Forests play a key role in absorbing large amounts of atmospheric CO2. Forest protection and reforestation are therefore essential actions to capture atmospheric carbon.

Adapting to Change

Considering that climate change is already taking place, it is crucial to take measures to adapt to its effects, including building climate-resilient infrastructure and planning for extreme weather events.

Education and Outreach

Education and public awareness of climate change are essential elements. Understanding the importance of the problem can drive behavioral and policy changes.

The Importance of Global Action

International Collaboration

Climate change is a global challenge that requires a global response. International agreements, such as the Paris Agreement, are of crucial importance in coordinating mitigation efforts.

Role of Individuals

Every individual has a role to play in combating climate change. Reducing one's environmental impact, supporting sustainable policies, and spreading awareness are important actions.

Innovation and Technology

Technological innovation, including the development of advanced renewable energy and carbon capture and storage solutions, can play a crucial role in mitigating climate change.

Conclusions

Climate change is a scientifically based reality with significant impacts on our planet and future generations. It is essential to distinguish scientific facts from widespread myths and address this challenge responsibly. Individual and global action is critical to mitigating climate change and protecting our planet for future generations. We are all called to play our part in the fight against climate change.

In recent years, sustainability has gained a central role in corporate missions in Italy. Companies are increasingly recognizing the importance of embracing sustainable business practices not only to preserve our planet, but also to remain competitive in an evolving marketplace. In this article, we will explore how many Italian companies are adopting sustainability as a corporate mission and how this trend is helping to shape the future of the Italian economy.

The Emergence of Sustainability as a Corporate Mission.

Growing awareness of the environmental impact of human activities has prompted many Italian companies to reconsider their responsibility to the environment and society. This evolution has not only been a response to societal pressures, but has also become a key strategy for addressing the challenges of climate change, limited natural resources, and regulatory changes.

The United Nations 2030 Agenda

The United Nations 2030 Agenda, with its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), has played a key role in shaping the corporate mission toward sustainability in Italy. These goals range from reducing inequality to promoting the sustainable use of resources, providing a comprehensive framework for addressing environmental and social challenges.

Italian Companies as Agents of Change.

Many Italian companies are embracing sustainability as an intrinsic mission. These companies are adopting a range of strategies to reduce the environmental impact of their operations and contribute to the well-being of the communities in which they operate. Some examples of key sectors driving this transformation include:

1. Renewable Energy.

Italy is well positioned to harness solar and wind energy, and many Italian companies are investing in renewable energy solutions. These companies not only contribute to clean energy production, but also create employment opportunities and spur technological innovation.

2. Sustainable Agriculture.

In the agricultural sector, companies are adopting sustainable practices to reduce pesticide use, improve water management and promote biodiversity. These initiatives not only preserve the environment, but also provide healthier, high-quality food products.

3. Green Mobility

The adoption of electric and hybrid vehicles is growing in Italy, helping to reduce transportation-related greenhouse gas emissions. Many companies are also encouraging carpooling and the use of public transportation to reduce environmental impact.

Ener2Crowd: Ferrying Sustainability to Italy.

Among the companies that have adopted sustainability as their corporate mission, Ener2Crowd stands out. This innovative Lending Crowdfunding platform is the first in Italy to focus exclusively on projects related to energy efficiency, renewable energy and environmental sustainability.

Ener2Crowd's Mission.

Ener2Crowd is uniquely positioned to foster sustainability through collaborative financing. Its mission is clear: to provide an alternative means of financing for projects related to sustainability and green energy.

The Key Role of the Platform

This platform plays a key role in promoting sustainable projects in Italy. It allows a wide variety of investors, from individuals to institutions, to actively participate in the fight against climate change. Through Ener2Crowd, projects ranging from installing solar panels to building community wind farms can be financed.

Examples of Successful Projects

Ener2Crowd has successfully funded a number of projects that have produced concrete results in terms of sustainability. Examples include the energy upgrading of buildings and the creation of community wind farms, both of which have helped reduce carbon emissions and promote clean energy sources.

The Future of Corporate Sustainability in Italy

The future of corporate sustainability in Italy is promising. More and more companies are embracing the mission of promoting sustainable business practices and helping to create a better future for all.

Technological Innovation

Technological innovation will continue to play a key role in this transformation. Companies like Ener2Crowd are steadily investing in advanced solutions to facilitate the financing and management of sustainable projects.

Sustainable Growth

The expansion of companies dedicated to sustainability is set to continue. This growth not only creates employment opportunities, but also helps reduce the country's overall environmental impact.

Conclusions

Sustainability as a corporate mission in Italy is becoming the norm, driving the transformation to a greener economy. Companies like Ener2Crowd demonstrate that it is possible to achieve financial success while actively contributing to the preservation of the planet. These efforts not only generate economic benefits, but also social and environmental ones, leading to a better future for all. Sustainability is no longer an option, but a necessity, and Italian companies are playing a key role in shaping this sustainable future.